Get Second Winds by killing enemies with a corrosive DoT Get Second Winds by killing enemies with a burn DoT Kill enemies while riding as a passenger (not a gunner) in a vehicle.
Kill enemies by power-sliding over them in a vehicle. Kill enemies using a turret or vehicle-mounted weapon.
Kill enemies by ramming them with a vehicle. Open lootable chests, lockers, and other objects. Shoot chains to release midgets from shields. Shoot bullymong-tossed projectiles out of midair. This will show up as an additional button at the bottom of your Badass Rank screen when you can prestige. The difference between your total and 485 is what you need to complete in order to prestige and start over.
In other words: Add up all the numbers from the 114 standard challenges you have completed if you ran the patch. This is invaluable as you would not have to max all the weapons/shields/grenade ones and could ignore trying to complete JEEEEENKINS! (where you have to kill him 200 times to get 5/5). So, for one example.if you complete 97 of the 114 challenges to 5/5 (to include the 2 hidden ones), you could completely ignore 17 of them. This essentially breaks down to needing 485 completed challenges out of all the standard challenges (the ones for the DLC do not count).